canoksanhilal Online Swahili English Page

       PRESENT PROGRESSIVE TENSE. (Wakati uliopo hali inayoendelea)

       Hali yake (Kanuni) ya muundo

  Present progressive ya verb yoyote imejengwa na sehemu mbili, sehemu ya kwanza ni present tense ya verb "To be" + present participle ya kitenzi kikuu  (main verb.)

  Yabidi tukumbuke kuwa tuna present mbili katika Kiingereza, nazo ni

-Present progressive tense (Wakati uliopo hali ya kuendelea), mfano : I  am walking

-Simple Present (wakati uliopo); I walk.

(Hali au muundo wa  present participle ni: base+ing, mfano; walking, playing, moving, smiling)

Affirmative (Maelezo)
Subject	+ to be	+ base+ing
she	is	walking
Negative (Makanusho)
Subject	+ to be + not	+ base+ing
she	is not (isn't)	walking
Interrogative (Maulizo)
to be	+ subject	+ base+ing
is	she	walking?

Mfano: "Kwenda" ( to go,)  present progressive.

Affirmative (Maelezo)	Negative (Makanusho)	Interrogative (Maulizo)
I am going	I am not going	Am I going?
You are going	You aren't going.	Are you going?
He, she, it is going	He, she, it isn't going	Is he, she, it going?
We are going	We aren't going	Are we going?
You are going	You aren't going	Are you going?
They are going	They aren't going	Are they going?

Kumbuka: mara nyingi hufupishwa verb "to be" na kufupishwa kama hivi; badala ya I am huwa I'm, You are (You're) He is (He's) We are (We're) They are (They're) n.k.na kuwa kama hivi

I'm seeing Hilal tomorrow.

You're having meeting tonight.

They're trying to solve it.

2. Present progressive, Kazi zake.

  Kama ilivyo katika tenses zote za Kiingereza tunazojua, malengo/mwelekeo wa mzungumzaji ni wa muhimu kwa wakati wa wakati wa kitendo au tukio. Wakati mtu anapotumia present progressive tense huwa anafikiria kuhusu kitu ambacho hakijakamilika na hakijaisha bado.

The present progressive hutumika:

• Kuelezea kitendo ambacho kinaendelea hadi wakati huu tulionao. mfano. You are watching the football match. We are studying English grammar.
  
   
• Kuelezea kitendo ambacho kinaendelea katika kipindi hiki au mwenendo. mfano;   Are you still working for the same company? More and more people are becoming vegetarian.
  
   
• Kuelezea kitendo au tukio katika wakati ujao ambalo/ambacho kimeshaandaliwa au kupangwa tayari kwa kufanywa (kuandaliwa) mfano;  We're having meeting tonight. We're going on holiday tomorrow. I'm meeting my boyfriend tonight. Are they visiting you next winter?
  
   
•  Kuelezea tukio lisiloendelea moja kwa moja au hali, mfano; He usually plays the drums, but he's playing bass guitar tonight. The weather forecast was good, but it's raining at the moment.
  
   
• Zikiwa na maneno kama 'always, forever, constantly', hutumika kuelezea na kuhimizia kwa msisitizo mfululizo unaoendelea wa vitendo vinavyojirudia rudia, Mfano. Harry and Sally are always arguing! You're forever complaining about your mother-in-law!

Angalia! Baadhi ya verbs (Vitendo) hazitumiwi katika hali ya kuendelea (Progressive form, angalia hapo chini)

3. Verbs ambazo kwa kawaida hazitumiki katika progressive form (muundo wa kuendelea)

   Verbs zilizoorodheshwa hapo chini kwa kawaida hutumika katika muundo wa simple kwa kuwa huzirejea hali kuliko vitendo au harakati:

List of common verbs normally used in simple form:

Hisia/maono/utambuzi

feel*, hear, see*, smell, taste

Maoni

assume, believe, consider, doubt, feel (= think), find (= consider), suppose, think*

Hali za kiakili/kifikra

forget, imagine, know, mean, notice, recognize, remember, understand

Hisia/tamaa

envy, fear, dislike, hate, hope, like, love, mind, prefer, regret, want, wish

Vipimo

contain, cost, hold, measure, weigh

mengineyo

look (=Fanana), seem, be (katika mahali pengi hutumika), have (wakati ikiwa inamilikiwa)*

Zingatia:

1. Vitendo vya verbs (see, hear, feel, taste, smell) mara nyingi hutumika na neno"can" mfano: I  can see..

2. * Verbs hizi huweza kutumika katika muundo wa kuendelea, lakini kwa maana tofauti. Fananisha;

a. This coat feels nice and warm. (= Utambuzi wako juu ya sifa za koti.)
b. John's feeling much better now (= Afya yake inaendelea kuwa nzuri)
 

a. She has three dogs and a cat. (=Umilikaji)
b. She's having supper. (= anakula sasa hivi.)
 

a. I can see Anthony in the garden (= maono)
b. I'm seeing Anthony later (= tumepanga kuonana na Anthony)

Mifano:

• I wish I was in Germany now.
• She wants to see him now.
• I don't understand why he is shouting.
• I feel we are making a mistake.
• This glass holds half a liter.

Kazi za tense hii kwa muhtasar.

1.   Hutumika kuelezea vitendo vinavyofanyika sasa hivi.

      Mfano;

      It is raining.

     The wind is blowing.

2. Kwa kitendo kinachofanyika katika kipindi hiki lakini sio lazima katika wakati wa kuzungumza, Mfano

      He is teaching English and learning Computer technology. (anaweza akawa hafanyi hata kimoja katika hivyo katika wakati huo wa kuongea)

       I am playing football (Hii yaweza kuwa inafanyika katika kipindi cha kuongea, lakini sio yaweza pia kuwa na maana ya "sasa" kwa maana ya ujumla.

     Kumbuka kuwa, wakati present progressive ikiwa na subject moja (Mtendaji mmoja wa kitendo), matendo yake yataunganishwa na kiunganishi "And" . tazama mfano hapo chini;

   I was cooking and washing my utensils.

3. Hutumika katika mipangilio yenye maalum katika wakati ujao wa karibu (Njia ambayo ni ya kawaida  sana ya mtu kueleza  mipangilio yake ijayo punde). hii hutumika pale maandalizi yameshakamilika kufanyika, mfano;

I'm meeting Hilal tonight. He is taking me to Abdul's home.

Are you doing anything tomorrow morning?

Yes. I am visiting my aunt at Ukonga.

Zaidi kuhusu matumizi ya tense hii click hapa

   Tunapoongelea kitendo ambacho kinaendelea tu kufanyika wakati huo huo wa kukiongelea, tunatumia tense hii, Hii ina maana kuwa, ukiwa sasa hivi unaandika, na mtu anakuuliza kuwa unafanya nini (sasa hivi), utamjibu kwa kusema "ninaandika..." Kwa maana hiyo basi, tunaona kuwa neno lililokolezwa hapo ni "..na.." kutoka kwenye maneno "ninakula, tunakula, wanakula, anacheza n.k

  Katika lugha ya Kiingereza tunatumia auxiliary verbs (vitenzi visaidizi/ neno linalosaidia kitendo kikuu) ambalo katika tense hii ni verb "to be" (yaani am, are na is") kutegemeana na subject uliyotumia.

I am + present participle ya verb husika. yaani itakuwa hivi (I am ikifuatiwa na neno lenye kuishia na ...ing)

I am writing it.

You are playing

They are dancing.

You are blaming him.

They are trying to cheat us.

She is solving the problem.

Hilal is talking with his teacher.

We are surfing the website.

He is doing his work with perfect aplomb.

  Tukiwa tunahitaji kuuliza maswali juu ya mambo fulani, katika lugha ya  Kiingereza mara nyingi mwanzo wa  sentensi ya Maswali tunaanza kwa  auxiliary verb  ya tense hiyo kutegemeana na subject tunayoitumia.

  Kwa mfano, katika sentensi ya startment (maelezo) kama ilivyo hapo juu kwenye sentensi tulizokwisha taja, utakuta kuwa, baada ya subject kinachofuatia ni auxiliary verb na kuishia na main verb. katika sentensi ya maswali (interrogative sentence) inakuwa kama hivi:

auxiliary verb + subject  + verb (in present perfect form) nayo ni kama hivi:

Are you eating?

Are they coming?

Are we reading?

Am I writing?

Are you playing?

Are they dancing?

Are you blaming him?

Are you trying to cheat us?

Is she solving the problem?

Is Hilal talking to his teacher?

Are we surfing the website?

Is he doing his work with perfect aplomb?

    Tukiwa tunahitaji kuziandika katika tags questions sentensi za namna hii inabidi tuanze na verb "to be" kisha kuandika kinyume nyume, yaani kama sentensi i katika affirmative form iwe katika negative form.

Mfano;                                                       maana.

You are walking,  aren't you?                     wewe unatembea. au siyo?

They are driving,  aren't they?

We are surfing the web,  aren't we?

He is playing football, isn't she?

        Angalia hizi hapa chini za negative,

She is not driving, is she?

They are not talking, are they?

He is not playing, is he?

We are not surfing a web, are we?

  maneno yaliyo tumika hapo juu na maana zake.

Verb to infinitive without "to"    present participle.                        maana

write                                              writing                                            Andika.

Play                                               playing                                            cheza.

dance                                            dancing.                                          cheza (musiki au nyimbo yoyote.)

Blame                                            blaming                                           laumu.

try                                                  trying                                             jaribu.

solve                                              solving                                           tatua.

talk                                                talking                                           kuzungumza.

surf (web)                                      surfing                                           kutembealea website

do                                                 doing                                             kufanya kitu.

Cheat                                            cheating                                         kudanganya.

                  mengineyo ni kama:

Aplomb  _ kufanya kitu kwa usahihi bila mashaka, kwa kujiamini. mfano

He is doing his homework with perfect aplomb _ yeye anafanya kazi yake ya nyumbani kwa ukamilifu wa kujiamini

Problem = tatizo, swali linalohitaji kutafutiwa ufumbuzi.

   Ninakutakia kila la kheri katika kuendelea na masomo yako;

Ikiwa una swali lolote juu ya mada tunazozitoa humu na masomo kama hujaelewa vizuri au unahitaji kuchangia kuelewesha wenzako, usisite kuwasiliana na sisi katika e mail address hii   Canoksan@yahoo.com au hilalshukri@yahoo.com