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      Kwanza kabisa kabla sijaanza na somo, ningependa kuelezea kidogo kanuni za kutunga sentensi za namna hii kama ilivyo hapo chini;

   Katika tense hii, ni lazima tukumbuke kuwa third person singular (he, she na it) zu jina la mtu mmoja aliyetajwa akiwa kama subject huongezewa "s' mwishoni mwa verb husika kama ulivyoona hapo juu kwenye jedwali.

 Mtu akitaka kusema kwa Kiingereza "Yeye mvulana hupenda kula samaki" atasema "He likes to eat fish"

  Lakini akitaka kusema, "mimi nakula samaki" husema "I eat fish".  Hii ni kwa sababu, katika nafsi ya tatu umoja, sheria hii ya kuongezea  herufi "s" mwishoni inaihusu nafsi ya tatu umoja peke yake, sio wingi. tazama hapo chini.

  "Hilal wants to purchase a new car". hii ni sahihi lakini ni makosa kusema "Hilal want to purchase a new car

au kusema

He want to purchase a new car. 

 N.B Kumbuka kuwa, maneno kama "do" na "go" "mix" au au maneno yanayoishia na y iliyotanguliwa na consonant (Herufi zote kuanzia A hadi Z isipokuwa irabu yaani a, e, i, o, u) huongezewa herufi "es" mwishoni baada ya yale yaliyoishia na 'y' iliyofuatiwa na konsonat kuondolewa 'y' na kuongezwa mahali pa ile y "es" na kuwa (Do)"does' na (Go) "goes" "fly (flies), cry (cries).

  My mummy fries fish every morning.

 Hilal flies to the United Kingdom every month.

 Mr. Abdul does all his homework before he sleeps.

 Moses goes to school everyday.

She mixes the water and the sugar when she makes tea.

  Kumbuka kuwa hiyo ni kwa maneno yanayoishia na y iliyotanguliwa na consonant na siyo maneno yaliyoishia na y iliyotanguliwa na irabu kama vile "boy", toy, day, gay,   n.k Tazama mifano hapo chini

   Vilevile maneno mengine kama vile catch, brush, match, kiss, n.k huongezewa herufi hizo mwishoni.

mfano' kama mtu hupiga mswaki kabla na baada ya chakula au mlo wowote, tutamuelezea kwa kusema.

  He brushes his teeth before and after taking any meal.

 She kisses her son when she wakes up.

  Kumbuka kuwa, verb ikiwa imeishia kwa  herufi 'y' iliyotanguliwa na konsonant mwishoni itawekewa herufi "ies' mwishoni baada ya kuondolewa herufi "y" (hii ni kusema kuwa, herufi "ies" zitachukua nafasi ya herufi "y")

  Tazama mifano;

  We fly to the United state every month,  She flies to the United state every month

  N.B Kumbuka kuwa, herufi "ies" huongezewa mwishoni mwa verb yenye kuishia na herufi "Y" iliyotanguliwa na konsonant tu na sio irabu, konsonant ni herufi zote isipokuwa a, e, i, o, u (hizi huitwa irabu). kama herufi hizi mojawapo ikitangulia herufi "y" hapatakuwa na mabadiliko tutakapokuwa tukitumia third person singular zaidi ya kuongezewa herufi "s" mwishoni, tazama mfano hapo chini.

   I obey his order; She obeys his order.

  Tense hii ikiwa inatumika katika hali ya sentensi za kuulizia maswali;

  kama tulivyokwisha ona hapo juu namna inavyotupasa kuzingatia wakati wa kutumia tense hii katika kutunga sentensi, inabidi vile vile tuzingatie sana sheria hii tuwapo katika kila mada inayohusu simple present tense, sasa tunaiangalia kwa ufupi ikiwa katika hali ya sentensi za  maulizo

I read my e mails.  Do I read my e mails?

John knows you.  Does John know you?

Hilal plays football. Does Hilal play footbal

    Kumbuka kuwa "do' ndiyo neno linalotumika sana katika tense hii, amma tukiwa tunaongelea nafsi ya tatu umoja, tunaongezea "es" mwishoni mwa "do' na kuifanya iwe "does". Neno do/does huandikwa au hutamkwa mwanzoni kabisa katika sentensi ya maulizo ya tense hii, mfano.

 Do I know him?

Do you need to take it?

  Ikiwa kweny nafsi ya tatu umoja huwa kama hivi;

Does Aisha go to school?

Does he like an apple?

Does it wag its tail?

    Kwa ufupi ni kuwa, labda msomaji anaweza akachanganyikiwa hapa anapona kuwa, baada ya neno "Does" kuandikwa kilichobalia huwa ni nafsi ya tatu kama subject ikiwa imefuatiwa na verb isiyo na "s" mwishoni na haikuwa kama hivi

Does Aisha goes to school?

Does he likes an apple?

   Jibu ni kuwa neno "Does" limekwisha chukua ile "s" ambayo tungeitumia mwishoni mwa verb husika, kwa maana hiyo basi hatuwezi kuweka "s" nyingine. kwa maana hiyo ni kuwa, atakaye kuwa anasema au kuandika kama ilivyo sentensi mbili hapo juu aelewe kuwa hizo ni makosa, na sahihi ni zile tatu za mwanzoni.

 Utaratibu wa kutunga sentensi katika tense hii kwa ufupi

  Tutumie neno "think" yaani "dhani" (I think = Nadhani)  (I don't think = sidhani)

  Mifano mingine ni kama vile katika jedwali lifuatalo;

 simple present hutumika:

1. Kuelezea tabia, ukweli kwa ujumla/hali halisi, vitendo vinavyojirudiarudia, hali isiyobadilika, hisia na matakwa.
   I smoke (tabia); I work in Nairobi (Hali isiyobadilika); Nairobi is a large city (Ukweli halisi au hali halisi)
   
    
2. Kutoa maelekezo au mielekeo:
   You walk for two hundred meters, then you turn left.
   
    
3. Kuelezea mipango iliyopangwa wakati uliopo au ujao:
   Your exam starts at 09.00
   
    
4. Kuelezea wakati ujao, baada ya baadhi ya viunganishi (Conjunction) Baada ya maneno kama: after, when, before, as soon as, until:
   He'll give it to you when you come next Saturday.

Kuwa mwangalifu! Simple present haitumiki kuelezea vitendo vifanyikavyo sasa hivi, kwa maelezo zaidi angalia present progressive

Examples:

1. Kwa tabia  (Hii tense hutumika kuelezea vitendo vya kitabia                                                                                Bird flies                                                                                                                                                                Dogs bark
   He drinks tea at breakfast.
   She only eats fish.
   They watch television regularly.
     Tense hii haituelezi kama kitendo kinafanyika wakati huu wa kuongea, na kama tunataka kufanya ieleweke kuwa kinafanyika wakati huu wa kuongea hatuna budi turejee katika somo la present progressive
    
2. Kwa matukio ya kujirudia rudia
   We catch the bus every morning.
   It rains every afternoon in the hot season.
   They drive to Monaco every summer.
   
    
3. Kwa hali halisi
   Water freezes at zero degrees.
   The Earth revolves around the Sun.
   Her mother is Peruvian.
   
    
4. Kwa maelezo na maelekezo
   Open the packet and pour the contents into hot water.
   You take the No.6 bus to Watney and then the No.10 to Bedford.
   
    
5. Kwa mipangilio iliyopangwa
   His mother arrives tomorrow.
   Our holiday starts on the 26th March
   
    
6. Ikiwa katika miundo ya wakati ujao.
   She'll see you before she leaves.
   We'll give it to her when she arrives.
7. matumizi mengine ya tense hii ni kama vile katika vichwa vya habari vya magazeti kama tunavyoweza kufananisha na vile vya Kiswahili mfano

        "Muuaji wa halaiki atokomea"   "Mass murderer escapes"

         - Hutumika vilevile katika conditional form (Sentense zilizo katika mfumo wa "kama" (If sentences) mfano

          If I see Hilal, I'll tell him.

Kanuni

     Tunapoongelea kuhusu tense hii, tunarejea katika vitendo vinavyofanyika mara kwa mara (regularly) , kila wakati, (always)  kila siku (every day), kila mwezi (every month), mara nyingi (often), kwa kawaida (usually) na vitendo vifanyikavyo kama desturi,

     Yabidi sana tukumbuke na tuzingatie kuwa, tunapoongelea masuala yanayohusiana na taratibu zetu za kila siku, kila mwezi, au kila Jumatatu, au Kila Jumanne n.k au kama katika ratiba zetu zilivyo, tunaelezea maneno yetu haya katika tense hii (Simple present tense).

  Mfano,

   Ninapoamka asubuhi naosha uso, napiga mswaki, nasafisha nyumba .... yote haya yanatakiwa yawe katika tense hii ili kudhihirisha kuwa haya ni matendo yanayofanyika kama desturi ya mtu husika, na yatakuwa kama hivi;

When I wake up in the morning, I wash my face, I brush my teeth, I clean my house.....

  Cha msingi hapa kukumbuka ni kuzingatia regular verbs kama zilivyoandikwa kwenye italik hapo juu.

Kama unahitaji kuzifanyia marudio regular verbs katika simple present, waweza kuclick hapa na kufanya marudio yako.

  Kumbuka kututembelea na kutoa maoni yako juu ya website hii.