auxiliary verb "DO"

KANUNI:

  sehemu kuu: Do (does), did, done.

 Gerund/present participle yake :Doing

               Present tense:

   Negative interrogative: Do I not/don't I? Do you not/Don't you? Does he not/Doesn't he?  na kadhaalika.

  Do kama ordinary verb ina affirmative kama ilivyoonyeshwa hapo juu, Lakini katika negative na interrogative twaongeza infinitive "do' kwenye Miundo hapo juu. Tazama mifano hapo chini;

katika negative, affirmative na interrogative itakuwa  itakuwa 

   Negative                       Interrogative                                    affirmative

  I do not do.                                 Do I?                                                                 I do.

   He doesn't do.                           Doesn't he do?                                                  He does.

   They don't do                            don't they do?                                                  they do.                                                     

  Kumbuka kuwa, katika past tense (ambapo itakuwa neno hili ni "did") na hii hutumika kwa nafsi zote katika hali zote zilizotajwa hapo juu. mfano

  Do hufuatiwa na bare infinitive (Infinitive bila ya neno "to") Mfano:

I don't know.                  Did they hear it?              She doesn't trust you.

•    Do hutumika kutengeneza negative na interrogative za present simple na past simple tenses za ordinary verbs.

              It doesn't work.  

             They didn't come.

•   Vile vile kuna uwezekano wa kutumia "do/did" zikiwa zinafuatiwa na infinitive katika affirmative pia wakati tunapoamua au kutaka kuongeza sisitizo maalum. Mara nyingi hutumika wakati muongeaji mwingine ameelezea mashaka yake fulani kuhusu kitendo fulani anachokirejea: Mfano

  I didn't eat.  ~ I did eat (Neno did linatilia mkazo sana katika maongezi. Ukiangalia sentensi "I did eat" na I ate" utajua kuwa, sentensi "I did eat" ni nzito zaidi na imetia mkazo kuliko hiyo ya pili (I ate). 

   I know that you don't like me to have a bike, but I do.(Najua kuwa wewe hupendi mimi niwe na baiskel, lakini ninayo). Kwa maelezo zaidi na mifano kuhusu do kutumika kutilia uzito au mkazo, Click hapa

• Do ikiwa imefuatiwa na imperative, hutumika kwa ombi au mwito wenye kuonyesha ushawishi mkubwa.

          Mfano:  Do pass by me. (Sentensi yenye ushawishi mkubwa)

                       Do inform him about this.

                       Do join us please (Jiunge nasi tafadhali)

• Do hutumika kuepuka kurudia rudia verb iliyokwishatajwa. Mfano;

          Juma likes orange~ Yes. he does/No. he doesn't

          She didn't attend the class~ No. she didn't/ oh yes, He didn't.

          I love Hilal and so do I (Kwa ufafanuzi zaidi juu ya sentensi za namna hii Click hapa)

• Katika Question tags, (Kwa kusoma maelezo juu ya hii, click hapa) 

          He loves me, Doesn't he?

          You don't need to go there, Do you?

• Hutumika kujibu maswali kwa ufupi kwa kuepuka kurudia rudia kitenzi kikuu (Main verb)

         Did you see Henry? ~ Yes, I did (Siyo Yes. I saw).

         Do you know me? ~   No. I don't (Siyo No. I don't know).

• Vivyo hivyo katika kufananisha (Click hapa) Mfano;

         He runs faster than You do. (Sio he runs faster than you run). kumbuka na zingatia sana.

• Inaweza kutumiwa pia kwa njia hiyo hiyo Kwa kutoa idhini au kutia moyo katika majibu ya kukubali (affirmative answers) kwa mtu ambaye anayekutaka idhini au kibali cha kufanya kitu fulani. mfano;

         Shall I write to him? ~ Yes. do alone au Yes. Do.

  Ikiwa unataka uone matumizi ya Do kama ordinary verb Click hapa

        Hadi hapa tunakutakia kila la kheri katika Somo lako hilo,

       By Muhseen bin Rajab Husayn (canoksan)

      Tuesday, September 03, 2002