Demonstrative pronouns (Viwakilishi vya ishara)

                               Demonstrative pronouns hutumika kuashiria mtu au kitu maalum, baadhi ya zile

                          demonstrative pronouns muhimu ni kama "That", "This", "these" na "those" "Demonstrative 

                          pronouns"  sio ngeni katika lugha ya Kiswahili, demonstrative pronouns za Kiswahili ni kama

                         huyu, hawa, wale, hizi n.k. Haya ni maneno yanayotumika kuashiria nouns. Mfano wa

                        demonstrative pronouns hizo katika lugha ya Kiswahili ni kama ifuatavyo katika sentensi.

                           "Huyu ni mama mdogo wangu" ( This is my aunt)

                    Neno "this" hutumika (a) kuashiria kitu au jina la kitu katika hali ya umoja lenye kuhesabika

                          (Yaani "singular countable noun" mfano; a boy, a woman n.k)

                       (b) Kitu hicho kinachoashiriwa kiwe karibu, amma kikiwa mbali au mbali kidogo,

                   muashiriaji atasema "that" yaani "kile" au "ile"  Ikiwa vitu vyenye sifa hizo mbili hapo juu (a na b)

                    vinavyoashiriwa ni zaidi ya kimoja muashiriaji atasema "These" yaani "Hivi" au " hizi   

                   Na ikiwa kinachoashiriwa kipo mbali kidogo na muashiriaji, na ni zaidi ya kimoja, basi

                   muashiriaji atalazimika kutumia neno "those" yaani; zile au vile n.k.                    

                 Kwa kifupi ni kuwa, wingi wa "this" (yaani hii au hiki) ni "these" yaani "hivi" au "hizi" na "that"

                   wingi wake ni "those"           

                           Natuisome mifano michache kama ilivyo hapo chini;

                           This is my child.

                           That isn't a car, that is a van.

                           Who are those?

                           Those are my friends.

                           How many mangoes are these?

                           This is the outcome of your evil deeds.

                           This is a grateful man but those are not.

                           Badili sentensi zifuatazo katika Lugha ya Kiingereza

                           Huyu kijana hataki kuchangia ujenzi wa shule.

                          Yule ni kijana mwenye kiburi, lakini mwenzake ni mtiifu.

                           Hawa watu ni wanajeshi, lakini wale ni polisi.

                            Kwa ufupi tu, kwa lugha ya Kiswahili tunayo mifano ya viwakilishi hivi ambavyo  ni kama 

                            tulivyoona, kwa maelezo zaidi click hapa